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2021</span> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="back-to-top"> <i class="fa fa-angle-up"></i> </div> </body> </html>";s:4:"text";s:27665:"on 12 February 2013. But from then on, relations began to change, leading to the lifting of a Russian arms embargo on Pakistan in 2014, and their first joint military exercise was held in 2016. On March 13, Foreign Policy at Brookings hosted Angela Stent, director of the Center for Eurasian, Russian and East European Studies; professor of government and foreign ⦠Moreover, its ambitions have much deeper roots. Continuity with the Soviet era and even earlier periods of Russian history is a hallmark of the Kremlinâs current foreign policy and the toolkit it relies on to advance its goals. It is therefore essential to review the foreign policy legacy of the Soviet Union. Unofficial translation. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Found insideKhlebnikova, L. and Suchkov, M. (2020). “From Alienation to Coordination: a Twisted Path of Russian–Israeli Relations.” In Lovotti, C., Tafuro Ambrosetti, ... In this monograph, the authors assess Russia's strategic interests and the factors that influence Russian foreign policy broadly. Russian democrats came to power in the end of 1991 with a firm desire to overcome the rift with the West and, as then Foreign Minister Kozyrev put it, âto Introduction and Main Findings 5 2.1. Turkeyâs purchase of a Russian S-400 surface-to-air defense A Strategic Anchor in Uncertain Times 5 ... Benedetta Berti-Alberti and her team at the Policy Planning Unit for their assistance, and for their ... authoritarian states with revisionist foreign policy agendas seek to ⦠Education and science. Found inside – Page 235Country Profile, Russian Federation. https :/ /www .cidob.org /en/ publications ... ment/ ST -15895-2003 -I NIT /en /pdf (accessed 7 June 2020). ———. 2008. Fully revised and updated to reflect the considerable changes in Russia over the last decade, the fifth edition of this classic text builds on the strengths of previous editions to provide a comprehensive and sophisticated analysis of ... endobj VI. Russian Foreign Policy Russian leaders and policymakers most often characterize Russian for-eign policy as focused on two fundamental goals: Russiaâs desire to increase its global inï¬uence and to see its recent economic growth con-tinue. âRussia 2020â conveys the vision of Russia as an innovation leader and a middle-class society. 33745. FOREIGN TRADE POLICY [1 st April, 2015 31 st March, 2020] Government of India Ministry of Commerce and Industry Department of Commerce Six experts in Russian foreign policy were asked by The Moscow Times to give their predictions on what Russia hopes to achieve in 2020. On December 31, 2015, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved a new national security strategy for his country.The timing may be part of a new pattern: about a year ago, Russiaâs new military doctrine came out--on December 25, 2014. Promulgated: March 30, 2009, publication of the official governmental newspaper âRossiyskaya Gazetaâ. On Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation ... of the Russian Federation of June 2, 2020 No.355 . Articles. The Pakistanis have long since been diversifying their foreign policy. %PDF-1.7 %���� 13. 23 de Haas and Schröder, " Russia's National Security Strategy Jan 2010 3-4 Another explanation of Russiaâs indecisiveness is the peaceful 2018 uprising that toppled pro-Russian and allegedly corrupt President Sargsyan and installed former publicist Pashinyan at ⦠HR/VP agreedon guidelines forthe EU's policy towards Russia. Found inside – Page 286Foreign Affairs, March/April, pp. 20–38. Shpotov, B. M. (2015). “Sovetsko-Amerikanskie Economchskie Svjazi, 1920–1930” [Soviet-American economic ties, ... Six years after Russia illegally annexed Crimea, Ukraine lacks the leverage to restore sovereignty over the region, but the West should not accept it since doing so would only encourage Russia ⦠framework within which the foreign policy of either country can take place (Larsen 1997). endstream endobj startxref The discourse is not oriented to the praise or advocacy of Kremlin. Complementarity remains the watchword of Armenian foreign policy, but when push comes to shove, Russia remains Armenia's key ally. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Not surprisingly, The agreement was reached at a meeting between Pakistanâs Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi and his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov. It is based on the âBasic Principles â for Arctic policy adopted in March and succeeds the Arctic strategy 2020 dating from 2013. ������UM>�3��rʨ&���#p���+q>]>�;#�H.�%5ۆ�]h��h�yN���ĄN�f#�D�a���n ��kT]������7�_-��t�zk�G��9f�F��s��o.��C~�\#��W!LV%t�FLJAy����t�F�z�,��g!/�5FI�(��yHY�6ʜ�s��)��)�J�g((�S�q9զ���� �b��y������(�E���QѤ�r�pa�����\�OW�UFM�Ge�7b�_��0\�)e�|:3>Ue�I���vsN �}��i���\%%^Z�)X�u!�E`�������YJ ����n�}�P*��%�BB� J�Y3��FQ�E�L!Ƃ�e��i�b!8m��k|�P5��|�2V-��~O\�~j,ʨ��!������U�R?EJ�. Russia, like its predecessor USSR, is a major global sporting nation. Washingtonâs official announcement of the withdrawal of US troops from the northeast of Syria has provoked alarm and condemnation at home as well as from Washingtonâs allies. h�b```��(!��1�&�M9� R܍@q��@��j��l��7��0l�v��;���Q%���A���Q����Yp30s�i^��@��� ��̰��@Ae� ��/�8�� 6���N�x�YB��aP�%���uNif��;E�}�A��+� �,&z It will begin with two historical case studies to illustrate the complexity of Russian foreign policy decision making processes. Germanyâs Russia policy. This Perspective provides an overview and analysis of sources of Russian foreign policy to help explain Russia's actions in Ukraine in 2014 and 2015. It evaluates arguments based on Russian historical strategic interests, economic policy, and domestic policy to determine which explanations, alone or in combination, stand up best to Russia⦠Found insideThis collection offers a comprehensive view of Russia’s place in the global political system by exploring Russian foreign policy, the economy and statecraft, the Arctic, global organizations, arms control, national security, the ... Conclusions 28 References 31 To develop recommendations on the improvement of Russian foreign trade policy in the context of sustainable development. 2002 October - ⦠0. 9154. Open Journal of Pol itical Science, 2018, 8, 339-352. 2�U. Latest analyses. And Germans and Americans differ sharply when it comes to ⦠Found inside – Page 338July 2009. http://www.jhuapl.edu/ourwork/nsa/triad/TheNewTriad.pdf. Friedman, George. ... Review of “Russia's National Security Strategy to 2020. Only 20% say Belarus should have an orientation towards Europe and only 18% support membership in the EU. Russia is the EU's fifth largest trade partner, representing 4.8% of the EUâs total trade in goods with the world in 2020. Adopted by the President of the Russian Federation. 41 AUGUST 2020 Introduction Russiaâs âPassportisationâ of the Donbas The Mass Naturalisation of Ukrainians Is More Than a Foreign Policy Tool Fabian Burkhardt Russia has so far issued almost 200,000 Russian passports to Ukrainians from the âPeopleâs Republicsâ of Donetsk and ⦠Found inside – Page 164Foreign Exchange – The Diplomatic Society, http://www. ... to the European Council of 22 May 2013. http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/ pdf/energy2_en.pdf. ... to carry out the economic policy aimed at maintaining and developing nuclear deterrence assets shapes and exercises the foreign and information policy in the area of nuclear deterrence. The book contributes to our understanding of Russia’s political economy and its influence on foreign policy, and of the formation of policy towards post-Soviet states. 1 0 obj The Foreign Minister of Pakistan is the official charged with state-to-state diplomacy, although the Prime minister maintains an ultimate authority over foreign policy. ⢠A foreign company that owns, directly or indirectly, more than 20% of the charter capital of a Russian company; ⢠A Russian company that is an affiliate of such a foreign company; or ⢠Any company to which such Russian-affiliated or foreign company undertakes to act as a guarantor, or to secure 3 0 obj stream What we will try to do in this article is to show how, whether in Norway or Russia, foreign policy issues are framed as certain topics Norwegian and Russian discourse on the European Arctic L.C. Kumar (2016) emphasized that clarifying Russian foreign policy requires a deep understanding of several indispensable elements, the first of which is the national and ideological peculiarity. There will be little bandwidth to advance major foreign policy proposals that are not linked to alleviating Americaâs economic and public health crises. 1. On 2 June 2020, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree âFoundations of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Area of Nuclear Deterrence.â The new document does not introduce much new into the existing nuclear policy as contained in the 2014 Military Doctrine or its previous, 2000 and 2010 versions. The troubled relationship between the Netherlands and Russia on other security issues of international concern will make it difficult for The Hague to step up ties with Moscow on Arctic security cooperation. National identity and Foreign policy: a brief analysis of their connection in Russia Martina Álvarez Portas Opinion Paper 25/2020 2 Introduction Multiple factors have a primary role in the construction of a Stateâs foreign policy. By Aleksei Zakharov. Overview of major changes in foreign trade policy after USSR: moving forward to WTO The late 20th â early 21st century witnessed some dramatic changes in the Russian Federationâs trade policy. endobj Sanctions as a Foreign Policy Tool: Case Studies on the Former Yugoslavia and Present Day Russia 4 Ethiopia. hޜ�[o�����BRC�$M��.�����R#5�&E� ݿ�KىsZ��CY�DJ|D��UF�w�yR��`Uz��*P��*&N�+ Russia), perhaps establishing Russian military bases on their territories. <> Text in PDF 255.13 KB. 25 November 2020. To develop recommendations on the improvement of Russian foreign trade policy in the context of sustainable development. Aimed at foreign investment into Russian âcommercial enterprises having strategic significance for assurance of the country's defense and national securityâ (for short, a âstrategic enterpriseâ or âSEâ) Where a âforeign investorâ or its "group of persons" would obtain voting shares / rights / assets of The US President's scepticism towards NATO and his criticisms of multilateral security agreements and institutions created a sense of a widening gap across the Atlantic. Russian International question the viability of Russiaâs extractive eco-nomic model. The state foreign policy includes defining the national interest , as well as the economic interest and strategies chosen both to safeguard that and to achieve its policy goals. The book is an essential guide to understand the deep changes of these countries and their global aspirations. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review 5 EAT Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONVERSATIONS 05 VALDAS ADAMKUS: Sooner or Later, the Spirit of Freedom will Prevail in Belarus 07 ALEKSANDER KWAÅNIEWSKI: Lithuania is a Key Strategic Partner of Poland 11 ROBERT J. SHILLER on Global Economy during the Pandemic: Fortunately, Lithuania is a Part of the EU 5 January 2021 REPORT EDITED VOLUME BY THE STRATEGY GROUP ON RUSSIA Russian Foreign Policy in 2020 Strengthening Multi-vectorialism Dr. András Rácz, editor of this report, is a senior research fellow at DGAP. German Council on Foreign Relations No. In a truly contemporary analysis of Moscow′s relations with its neighbors and other strategic international actors, Gvosdev and Marsh use a comprehensive vectors approach, dividing the world into eight geographic zones. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The EU is Russia's biggest trade partner, accounting for 37.3% of the countryâs total trade in goods with the world in 2020. New. The ï¬rst cluster focuses on themes and concepts such as security, power and sovereignty in the world order. Russia: Foreign Direct Investment Regimes 2021. US foreign policy after the 2020 presidential election 3 . General Provisions. MAIN FOREIGN POLICY PRIORITIES Moscowâs immediate foreign policy goal is to withstand the pressure imposed on it by the United States and U.S. allies. Moscowâs post-2012 foreign policy fits comfortably in the long-standing historical and intellectual tradition of Soviet and even pre-Soviet Russian foreign policy. Russian Foreign Policy: Interests, Ideologies, Decision-making Tuesday-Thursday 11:05-12:20pm Professor Chris Miller This course will examine decision-making processes in Russian foreign policy. Russia and the Politics of International Environmental Regimes examines the political relationship between Russia and other states in environmental matters. July 26, 2016 of a proposal from one of her foreign policy advisors to vilify Donald Trump by stirring up a scandal claiming interference by Russian security services." Russia's Foreign Policy. These were confirmed in ⦠Found insideIntroduction: the guns of August -- Contours of Russian foreign policy -- Bulldogs fighting under the rug: the making of Russian foreign policy -- Resetting expectations: Russia and the United States -- Europe: between integration and ... 5. endstream endobj 336 0 obj <>/Metadata 19 0 R/Pages 333 0 R/StructTreeRoot 47 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences 351 0 R>> endobj 337 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 333 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 338 0 obj <>stream Skedsmo Another Conclusions: Chapter Five The secondâand largestâcluster of studies analyses the role of civilisation, values and identity in Russiaâsofï¬cial foreign policy discourse. Russian Policy in Afghanistan By David G. Lewis Executive Summary Afghanistan looms large in Russiaâs strategic culture. Found insideThis edited collection is an in-depth and broad analysis of Russian public diplomacy in its conceptual understanding and its pragmatic aims and practice. Change in regime typeâfirst under Gorbachev and then during Yeltsin's presidencyâhelped change Moscow's foreign policy. >,J`�|��T�%2>�;�Ǯ�C����9�,�F�Oq����&�{ס 7~�!s>�m>֣��k3���)�,r�|Q@�+n German foreign policy: key tenets and the challenge to Ostpolitik Germanyâs foreign policy has been based on a set of tenets and values that could be reconciled with one another for several decades. Notably, Russia openly had objected to NATO strikes in Pakistan. Found insideA look at how the desire to improve international status affects Russia's and China's foreign policies Deborah Welch Larson and Alexei Shevchenko argue that the desire for world status plays a key role in shaping the foreign policies of ... Some observers attribute Russian foreign policy actions to the personality and individual interests of ⦠Available via license: CC BY 4.0. WADAâs decision is a major blow to Russian prestige and indirectly to its foreign policy. The following chapters focus on five distinct di-mensions of Russiaâs future domestic and foreign policy: Russian state-society relations; economic development; Russiaâs military power; Russiaâs relations with the post-Soviet neighbours; and its relationship with China. Found inside – Page 1874This book will be of interest to academics and postgraduate students in International Relations, International Political Economy, Comparative Politics, and Foreign Policy as well as Eurasian Studies and Post-Soviet Studies. The decisions to withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Found inside – Page 192(Accessed: 15 September 2020). Russian Federation. (2000). National Security Concept of the Russian Federation. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the ... Found insideThe International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) ... Gap in the Russian Navy', Report of the CSIS Russia and Eurasia Program, April 2020, pp. Soviet foreign policy is national. LATVIAN FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY YEARBOOK 2021, RUSSIAN FUTURES 2030: The shape of things to come, The Russian Perspective No. Found inside – Page 272Under the Kremlin's Thumb: does ıncreased state control in the Russian gas ... Kevin Rosner, Russian Foreign Energy Policy: An Analytical Compendium (Vol. eG(�*_z�A����D�i]�b���.T� Found inside – Page 144Rittberger, V. (2001), German Foreign Policy since Unification: Theories and ... do 2020 goda [National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation up to ... Russia is seeking ways to reduce its political isolation, adjust its economy to sanctions and low oil prices, and fight back in the information space. Credibility and Reception 27 8. Trumpâs Foreign Policy Strategy Is All About the 2020 Elections. %PDF-1.7 Global governance. ⢠On 07 September 2016, U.S. intelligence officials forwarded an investigative referral to FBI Director James Corney and Deputy Assistant Director of Counterintelligence aggravated under Trump's ' America First ' foreign policy. RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA IN 1992-2019 BASIC RESEARCH PROGRAM WORKING PAPERS SERIES: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS WP BRP 38/IR/2020 This Working Paper is an output of a research project implemented at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE). The 2nd Round of India-Russian Consultations on security in the use of Information and communication technologies (ICTs) was held in Moscow on 5 March 2019 to discuss the 2019-2020 action plan. 178. 3. To understand Russiaâs foreign policy we must bear in mind that, by and large, the Stalin regime has acted in world affairs not on the basis of Marxist doctrine, but on the basis of Russiaâs national interests. Found insideFrom USSR to the Russian Federation Marina M. Lebedeva ... PRC concepts in the field of foreign policy and national security. ... K. (2020, May 8). Found inside – Page 340Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ed.). (2014). ... vedlegg/nord/nordkloden_en.pdf, Accessed June 4, 2020. ... Russian Foreign Policy Concept. Translated from Russian. Found insideProviding a comprehensive overview of Russia’s foreign policy directions, this handbook brings together an international team of scholars to develop a complex treatment of Russia’s foreign policy. The foreign policy of a country is dependent upon a lot of different factors. It became a great power in the 1960s and today has the world's largest population, second largest GDP (after the U.S.) and the largest economy in the world by PPP. 2020-02-12. The second part of the course will focus on foreign policy of both states in global context. The five guiding principles of the EU's Russia policy To provide clarity for EU-Russia relations in this new context of heightened tensions, on 14 March 2016, EU foreign ministers and Federica Mogherini . Approved by President of the Russian Federation V. Putin. Found insideRussian Strategies in the Arctic: Avoiding a New Cold War (Moscow: Valdai Discussion ... Canadian Defense & Foreign Affairs Institute) (CDFA Paper, March). Overview of major changes in foreign trade policy after USSR: moving forward to WTO The late 20th â early 21st century witnessed some dramatic changes in the Russian Federationâs trade policy. Recommended citation Domínguez-Jiménez, M. and N. Poitiers (2020) 'FDI another day: Russian reliance on European investment', Policy Contribution 03/2020, Bruegel Policy Contribution Issue nË3 | February 2020 ⦠the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security through 2035â. Boris F. Martynov is Professor and Chair of the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy of Russia at MGIMO University, Russia. A detailed and carefully structured study of Soviet/Russian attitudes and responses to military interventions. It explores cases from the Gulf War in 1990 to the intervention led by Western states in Libya in 2011. 15381. China is now considered an emerging global superpower. 36.5% of Russiaâs imports came from the EU and 37.9% of its exports went to the EU. Found inside – Page 147Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Arktis i en brydningstid. ... The Foundations of the Russian Federation Policy in the Arctic until 2020 ... Found inside38 The list is set out in a report produced by the Russian National Investment ... <http://www.europe2020.org/en/section_voisin/doc/EU_eng.pdf> (accessed 10 ... Found insideWashington, DC: CEPA. http://infowar.cepa.org/Reports/How-has-Russia-Weaponized-Information, accessed May 6, 2020. Ministry of Defense of the Russian ... This second volume, focusing on 1945-1991, unpacks the reasons for the Cold War and takes the reader through its ebbs, flows and unexpected end. How did the allies of World War II become enemies? D. Medvedev, September 18, 2008. Nurlan Aliyev is a freelance expert based in Warsaw.From 2000 to 2017, he worked as an expert at various government, non-government, and international institutions. 6 These comprehensive sanctions included the ban on arms trade to Italy and Ethiopia, a freeze of all loans and other financial assistance to Italy, and a general ban of imports and exports to 2 1. From 1999 to 2016, he served as a Deputy Director at the Institute of Latin American Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Russiaâs importance to Pakistan. 1.3 Literature review. <> ICLG - Foreign Direct Investment Regimes - covers foreign investment policy, law and scope of application, jurisdiction and procedure and substantive assessment in 24 jurisdictions. Moscowâs foreign policy on Arctic matters is made up of three stances. To begin with, Russia is a proactive partner in certain areas. Russiaâs army has been in decay since 1991. Russiaâs policy towards Iran. In both the U.S. and Germany, just one-in-ten name the other country as their own nationâs most important foreign policy partner. Secretary East lead h�bbd```b``z"����@$�0{%�]"�5�"�`�R0� �~&��$#�/�}����������b#���s> �1 This book will be of interest to academics and postgraduate students in International Relations, International Political Economy, Comparative Politics, and Foreign Policy as well as Eurasian Studies and Post-Soviet Studies. Found inside – Page 152On Russian foreign policy in the 2000s and the influence of various factors on it see, ... http://vid-1.rian.ru/ig/valdai/Russian_elite_2020_ eng.pdf. 1. The annual DISA consultations were held in Moscow on 20 September 2018. Found insideThis edited volume analyses the evolution and main determinants of Russia's foreign policy choices. 3. Russian and Nato foreign ministers set up Nato-Russia Council with equal role in decision-making on terrorism and other security threats. Islamabad and Moscow have agreed on May 22, 2019 to enhance cooperation in various fields, including trade, energy and defence sectors. 350 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2E315ED024D7974BB9D5E09C17267402>]/Index[335 32]/Info 334 0 R/Length 85/Prev 216321/Root 336 0 R/Size 367/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Technology. [2] That has not occurred. This volume explains the reasons for this failure and assesses likely future developments in that relationship Jensen & P.W. Content may be subject to copyright. 12774. President Macron also supported President Trumpâs stand that and Foreign Policy Planning (7th June). In addition, Russian authors presented a history of rapprochement between the positions of Russia and the Gulf States in this area within the context of Russiaâs «return» to the Middle East. COMMENTARY AS OF 10 May 2020, Russia has 209,688 COVID-19 infection cases, 1,915 deaths 1. Found inside – Page 328Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2006. ... Russian Federation's Policy for the Arctic to 2020 (adopted by the President of the Russian Federation D ... Found inside2020). 50 In 2018, China's trade with Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, ... 66 Sergei Karaganov, 'Global Challenges and Russia's Foreign Policy', ... 3�$�9B As a result of its Soviet heritage,8 Russia is indeed the only Arctic state to have 4. Post-soviet space in Russian foreign policy: goals and challenges Compulsory reading: Tsygankov Andrei P. (2016) Russia's Foreign Policy: Change and Continuity in National Identity Rowman & Littlefield Publishers 4th edition Trenin, D. (2013) Russiaâs Relations with the CIS Countries: Outlook for 2020. Witold Rodkiewicz. Skillfully delineating Russian policy in the region, and analyzing the mineral and environmental consequences of the recent treaty agreements, Russia and the Arctic is a crucial addition to our understanding of contemporary International ... Forced to confront a Russian invasion and occupation of the Crimea 2, September–November 2020, The China Factor – a Push for NATO2030 Strength and Purpose. Preface 3 2. S. Closson, âRussian Foreign Policy in the Arctic: Balancing Cooperation and Competitionâ, MOST AMERICANS SAY RUSSIA TRIED TO INFLUENCE THE 2016 ELECTIONS, AND A MAJORITY ARE CONCERNED ABOUT FOREIGN INTERFERENCE IN THE 2020 ELECTIONS. Foreign Policy Experts Map Russiaâs Plans for 2020 We ask seven experts to predict what Russia has in store for the world next year. 84% of Poles consider Russia as the number 1 threat to national security. the existing literature on Russiaâs foreign policy into three clusters. Published: 05/11/2020 Hot off the press Since the 19th century, Russia has viewed Afghanistan as its southernmost strategic flank and as an arena for competition with the West. The Russian economy needs more investment in higher-value added activities, which the EU is in a position to provide. Section 3: Modern Russian Foreign policy objectives in Syria from 2015 â Present. economic recession in 2021. Russia Reborn Reimagining Moscow's Foreign Policy): 73. The return of Russiaâs traditional foreign policy approach. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. A neutrality clause in the constitution would rule out NATO accession. Found inside – Page 251R44307 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2020), 1-5, https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44307.pdf. 19 Ibid. 20 Cheang, “Russian Foreign Policy. National Interest The national interests of a country can be broadly categorised into two groups, Core Interests and Temporary Interests. COVID-19 in Russia coincided with the dramatic collapse of oil prices. The topics included: Russia-China trade, Middle East partnership, relations with the EU or further African integration. 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